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HMS Birkenhead (1915)
HMS ''Birkenhead'' was one of two light cruisers originally ordered for the Greek Navy in 1914. She was to be named ''Antinavarchos Kountouriotis'' after Vice Admiral Pavlos Kountouriotis. The order was placed with Cammell Laird and production continued for the Greek account after the outbreak of World War I in August 1914. In 1915, however, the two cruisers were purchased by the British government, and entered service with the Royal Navy.
==Design and description==
Based on the ''Birmingham'' sub-class of the ''Town''s, the two Greek ships primarily differed from their British half-sisters in their armament. The Greeks specified that they would use the new BL 5.5-inch (140 mm) Mk I gun built by the Coventry Ordnance Works. This weapon was significantly lighter than the standard 6-inch (152 mm) gun, which allowed the ships to mount ten guns, rather than the nine of the ''Birmingham''s, and fired an shell rather than the shell of the 6-inch weapon. It therefore had a higher rate of fire with little loss in hitting power.〔Gardiner & Gray, p. 58〕 The Greeks also specified a secondary armament of two 12-pounder anti-aircraft guns, but these were still under development in 1915 and a pair of 3-pounder guns on high-angle mounts were substituted instead.〔Lyon, Part 2, p. 57〕
''Birkenhead'' was long overall, with a beam of and a draught of .〔Friedman 2010, p. 384〕 Displacement was normal and at full load. Twelve Yarrow boilers fed ''Birkenhead''s Parsons steam turbines, driving four propeller shafts, that were rated at for a design speed of . The boilers used both fuel oil and coal, with of coal and tons of oil carried.〔
Two of the 5.5-inch guns were mounted on the centreline fore and aft of the superstructure and the remaining eight guns were positioned on the broadside. All these guns were fitted with gun shields. Two Vickers 3-pounder (47 mm) anti-aircraft guns were also fitted. The armament was completed by two submerged 21-inch (533 mm) torpedo tubes.〔Lyon, Part 2, pp. 55–57〕
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